Batik motifs rich in aesthetic value or beauty. Aesthetic
value of batik shown physically through the motives that take the basic idea of
nature as objects. Then developed with the rich coloring of the value.
A. Aesthetic value on Batik Surakarta
Batik when worn have the impression typical for the wearer.
In addition to give the impression of beautiful batik, gave the impression of
softness and glutinous authoritative for the wearer. This impression we can see
because there are motifs on the value of outstanding beauty. The value of the
beauty that exists on the bank that's often called the value of aesthetics.
Aesthetic value of batik can we see from various aspects, including the
elements/element motifs, merging elements of principle and symbolic value of
batik.
1) Elements of Batik
Motif batik Motif consists of several elements.
The elements it is composed into a blend of motifs that have
aesthetic value. The elements on the Batik is as follows.
a) Staple Ornament
Staple Ornament depicts the life
of flora-fauna made wholly and unequivocally. Ornament staple in batik motif
can be either
·
Meru mountain or that symbolizes the land called
Earth;
·
the life tree or plant that symbolizes the
Middle world;
·
Garuda symbolizing the Sun or solar system;
·
the bird that symbolizes the world over;
·
Temple or boat (building) which symbolizes the
sacred;
·
the flame symbolizes the fire;
·
the Dragon symbolizes the water;
·
animals that symbolize the might and
supernatural powers;
·
butterflies.
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| Isen isen |
b) Ornaments Fillers
The filler is the ornament
ornament serves as filler fields to embellish the overall motif. Ornaments
fillers made very integrated with attention to ornament the staple. This
ornament a smaller and simpler. On several kinds of filler ornament forms, i.e.
Forms of simple animals, birds, plants (leaves, flowers, buds, or lung-lungan).
c) Isen-lsen
Isen-isen is an additional
pattern that is located in the principal ornament and ornament filler. The
shape of the isen-isen is smaller and complicated, and the numbers are
relatively numerous. Various isen-isen, among other cecek (cecek sawut
cecekpitu., cecek sawut leaf) herangan, melik, scales, scales, gringsing,
sawalgalaran, rambutan or prone, save it, and divide tubers gori.
Elements which form the beauty of batik batik motif. The
beauty of batik motives are also supported by other art elements, such as
lines, wama, fields, and texture. Herbert Read stated that the existence of the
arrangement that means beautiful fun and lead to the existence of a smooth view
of those who see it. When we see a batik then this criterion is in it. Batik is
very harmonious look, integrated, and elegant when it is viewed. General
characteristics of beauty is when a batik works we see the occurred then a
smooth look. There was not a stand or something out of balance or a rhythm/harmony.
2) The principle of merging
elements of Batik
Batik look aesthetic
value from the merger of elements that form a motif of batik. Alloy motif looks
has high aesthetic value because of the principle of observing the batik motifs
merge element in the theory of art. The principle of merger items on batik
motifs seen in some ways as follows.
a)
Composition
The composition is the arrangement of elements, namely batik ornaments,
ornaments fillers, and isen-isen. The third element was integrated in Nice by
observing the principle of balance and each piece is made in the integrated and
complementary. The composition also includes the understanding that in one
strand of batik motif seen feels balanced between left and right as well as up
and down. There is some sort of balance, that balance is symmetrical,
asymmetrical, Central, and diagonal. Symmetrical balance is the balance of the
elements or objects between right and left. Asymmetrical balance is the balance
of elemental balance exactly, but when seen in balance.
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| Motif sekar jagad |
b)
Harmony or Rhytm
Batik motifs in harmony can we see from the mix of colors and design
elements of the equation. Color matching can be seen from the adjacent
colors blend between one color with another color. Color is one of the elements
or elements that are very important on batik. The color is a pretty dominant
element on batik as well as aspects first seen. In addition to representing
beauty, wama also contains the symbol of the most profound expression of
philosophy. The color is also showing the nature of the person. The nature of femininity
is denoted in blue, green, and purple. Three dimensions of color applied on
batik, namely hue, value, and intensity. Hue means hot cold color, value means
dark and brightness of colour and intensity have bright and his bleak sense of
color. Batik pattern Element has the same elements. For
example, if the form nelung/arch then combined with elements of another arch
painted batik. When his motives made geometric then also combined with
geometric motifs.Selection of the objects combined in mismatched
batik motifs. For example, if the object of the plant it will be combined with
matching objects with plants.
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| Motif Sido Mukti |
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| Motif Keraton |
c)
Intonation
Batik is a founding element of repetition thus forming an attractive
object alignment. For example, from small to large, from short to long, from
narrow to wide, and so on.
d)
Texture
Texture
means the value of the handfeel of a surface, such as smooth, rough, soft, and
squishy. With the use of the isen-isen, can give the impression of an
interesting texture, such as smooth, rough, soft, and squishy. The texture is
rough and the surface-which can be a real texture and texture appearance
3) Symbolic Value of
Batik
Batik is made through a long process, especially classical
batik. On the classical batik, batik made by contemplation and rituals to get
the motif that has profound meaning. The manufacturing process is carried out
with the Sacred Heart and sincere, as well as performed with great patience,
carefulness, persistence, high discipline, and hard work. That's value so that
it can yield a rich full of high aesthetics and deep meaning in every motive
which appear.
Batik also has a form of a very complex and varied and have
a very high level of complexity. This is because almost all batik field filled
with images that were made perfectly. In fact, isen-isen batik else now is
growing very rapidly and the manufacturing process requires very complicated.
B. Characteristics of
Batik Surakarta
Based on motif of batik coloring, and the composition is
divided into two major groups, namely batik Vorstenlanden and batik pesisiran/seaside.
1.
Vorstenlanden Batik
Vorstenlanden Batik developed in the area of Surakarta and
Yogyakarta. Vorstenlanden Batik, also known as also called Kingdom of batik
because it was developed and used in the scope of the Kingdom. Batik has the
following characteristics.
- Batik Motif Vorstenlanden based on the culture and nature of the mind that Java has a symbolic meaning. There are motifs in the meaning on different meaning in the process of its creation. Meaning it can be shaped as a symbol of human life, the symbol of the teaching to be done man, a symbol of prohibition against a man, as well as a symbol of a warning to mankind. Symbols were backed by the Hindu Javanese culture since batik grew out of the scope of the Palace and developed in accordance with the beliefs of the community at that time. Existence of the motif is the result of development/stilasi intricate and perfectly.
- Composition much wear the characteristic color yellow(sogan), tanned, the color Indigo (blue), black and white. Each batik pattern Kingdom shows the status of the wearer. The pattern motifs of the Kingdom called the motive of prohibition This is due at the beginning of certain motifs worn by the general public is prohibited, except by relatives. The pattern of the Royal prohibition batik Surakarta and Yogyakarta Kingdom, among others, sawat , parang rusak and cemukiran.
2. Seaside batik (Batik Pesisiran)
Seaside batik is growing along the shores outside the kingdom
. Batik coast affected Chinese culture, both his range or colours used. Seaside
batik has the following characteristics.
- Seaside motifs are naturalist or other motive is more natural. Stilasi object tergarap are less nice batik so that his motives were impressed in accordance with the objects of nature in natural or what it is. The shape of the motifs of much influenced by natural conditions that exist in the area. For example, beaches, mountains, clouds, and plants.
- Composition is more in price and rich as there
is no bonding confidence or a specific symbol. Batik batik coast is developing
in coastal areas, such as Arrowroot, Cirebon, Pekalongan, Demak, Indramayu,
Lasem, Rembang, and Tuban.
Motif Pesisiran Rembang
